Artificial Intelligence
The text discusses challenges in model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) due to imperfect dynamics models. It introduces COPlanner, an innovation using uncertainty-aware policy-guided model predictive control (UP-MPC) to address these challenges. Through comparisons and performance evaluations, COPlanner is shown to substantially improve sample efficiency and asymptotic performance in handling complex tasks, advancing the understanding and practical…
Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) imaging is an effective, low-cost method for visualizing fluid flow. A new approach using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) has been developed to accurately deduce complete 3D velocity and pressure fields from Tomo-BOS imaging, showing promise for experimental fluid mechanics. The versatility and potential of this method suggest advancements in fluid dynamics.
RAGxplorer is an interactive AI tool that visualizes document chunks and queries in a high-dimensional space, supporting the understanding and improvement of retrieval augmented generation (RAG) applications. Its unique approach provides an interactive map of the document’s semantic landscape, allowing users to assess RAG model comprehension, identify biases, and enhance overall comprehension.
Text-to-image diffusion models have revolutionized AI image generation, simulating human creativity. Orthogonal Finetuning enhances control over these models, maintaining semantic generation ability. It enables subject-driven image generation, improves efficiency, and has applications in digital art, advertising, gaming, education, automotive, and medical research. Challenges include scalability and parameter efficiency. This breakthrough heralds a new era in…
Scientists face a challenge in understanding the unique composition of cells, notably peptide sequences, crucial for personalized treatments, such as immunotherapy. Traditional methods create gaps in sequencing, hindering accuracy. However, GraphNovo, a new program developed by researchers at the University of Waterloo, utilizes machine learning to significantly enhance accuracy, offering promising potential for personalized medicine…
Recent advancements in language models have led to the development of semi-autonomous agents like WebGPT, AutoGPT, and ChatGPT plugins for real-world use. However, the transition from text interactions to real-world actions brings risks. To address this, a new framework called ToolEmu utilizes language models to simulate tool executions and evaluate risks, aiming to enhance agent…
Recent advancements in machine learning show potential in understanding Theory of Mind (ToM), crucial for human-like social intelligence in machines. MIT and Harvard introduced a Multimodal Theory of Mind Question Answering (MMToMQA) benchmark, assessing machine ToM on both multimodal and unimodal data types related to household activities. A novel method called BIP-ALM integrates Bayesian inverse…
Summary: The company is introducing new embedding models, GPT-4 Turbo, moderation models, and API usage management tools. Additionally, they plan to lower pricing for GPT-3.5 Turbo in the near future.
OpenAI, initially transparent, now withholds key documents and adopts a for-profit model, drawing concern about departing from its open collaboration and public research promises. Significant investment from Microsoft transformed OpenAI and triggered leadership controversies. The company’s transition and restricted transparency reflect a departure from its original ethos.
The development of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT, raises concerns about the storage and disclosure of sensitive information. Current research focuses on strategies to erase such data from models, with methods involving direct modifications to model weights. However, recent findings indicate limitations in these approaches, highlighting the ongoing challenge of fully removing sensitive…
North Korea’s increasing foray into AI and ML is highlighted in a report by Hyuk Kim from the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. It delves into the nation’s historic AI achievements, current developments, and the dual-use potential of AI in civilian and military applications, as well as highlighting its cybersecurity threats.
Coscientist is an advanced AI lab partner that autonomously plans and executes chemistry experiments, showcasing rapid learning and proficiency in chemical reasoning, utilization of technical documents, and adept self-correction.
The new release from NousResearch, Nous Hermes 2 Mixtral 8x7B, addresses challenges in AI language models. The model is trained on extensive data, demonstrating exceptional performance across various tasks and surpassing existing benchmarks. Its innovative SFT and DPO versions, along with the introduction of ChatML, make it a powerful and advanced tool in AI.
Large Language Models (LLMs), a significant breakthrough in AI, exhibit human-like abilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Generation (NLG). Despite their impressive text generation capabilities, they struggle with producing factually accurate content, leading to hallucinations. To address this, researchers from the University of Washington, CMU, and Allen Institute for AI have introduced FAVA, a…
The growth of deep learning has led to its use in various fields, like data mining and natural language processing, as well as in addressing inverse imaging problems. To enhance the reliability of deep neural networks, researchers at UCLA have developed a cycle-consistency-based uncertainty quantification method, which can improve network dependability in inverse imaging and…
Recent advancements in image generation have led to the availability of top-tier models on open-source platforms. Challenges persist in text-to-image systems, but efforts to address diverse inputs and single-model outcomes are underway. Researchers have proposed DiffusionGPT, an all-encompassing generation system, showcasing superior performance across diverse prompts and domains.
Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced in AI and NLP. Fireworks.ai introduced FireLLaVA under Llama 2 Community License, addressing restrictions of Vision-Language Model LLaVA. It supports multi-modal AI development, using OSS models for training data. FireLLaVA demonstrates better performance on benchmarks and offers vision-capable APIs, marking a significant advancement in multi-modal AI.
Google has introduced three generative AI features to revamp Chrome: Tab Organizer, Custom Themes, and “Help me write.” Tab Organizer simplifies tab management by grouping related tabs, while Chrome suggests and creates tab groups. Custom Themes allow users to create personalized themes with AI, and “Help me write” assists in drafting web content. These additions…
SPARC, a method developed by Google DeepMind, pretrains fine-grained multimodal representations from image-text pairs by using fine-grained contrastive alignment and contrastive loss between global image and text embeddings. It outperforms other approaches in image-level tasks like classification and region-level tasks such as retrieval, object detection, and segmentation, and enhances model faithfulness and captioning in foundational…
The UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) released a report on the impact of AI on cyber threats. The report highlights AI’s dual role in cyber security as both beneficial for defense and a potential risk for more sophisticated attacks. It emphasizes increased cyber attack frequency, variable impact based on actor capabilities, and AI’s role…