Slow Thinking with LLMs: Lessons from Imitation, Exploration, and Self-Improvement

Slow Thinking with LLMs: Lessons from Imitation, Exploration, and Self-Improvement

Understanding Reasoning Systems in AI

Current Limitations

Recent reasoning systems, like OpenAI’s o1, aim to tackle complex tasks but face significant limitations. They struggle with planning, problem breakdown, and idea improvement. These systems often require human assistance to function effectively.

Fast-Thinking Approaches

Most reasoning systems rely on quick responses, sacrificing depth and accuracy. While the industry has developed these systems, their core techniques remain undisclosed. They often fail in extended thinking, limiting their problem-solving capabilities.

Proposed Solutions

Researchers from Renmin University of China and BAAI introduced a three-phase framework: Imitate, Explore, and Self-Improve. This method enhances reasoning in language models.

Three-Phase Training Method

  • Imitation Phase: The model learns specific formats using minimal data to generate solutions.
  • Exploration Phase: The model tackles difficult problems, developing and refining multiple solutions.
  • Self-Improvement Phase: High-quality data and techniques like supervised fine-tuning boost reasoning skills.

Evaluation and Results

The framework was tested on challenging benchmarks, including MATH-OAI and AIME2024. Results showed that slow-thinking systems performed well, with models achieving high accuracy on various tasks. However, performance varied due to limited exploration capacity.

Future Directions

This research presents a promising framework for enhancing reasoning systems, particularly in mathematics. While still in early stages, it sets a foundation for future developments in AI reasoning.

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